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@stethoscopeistic

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The liver is a vital organ with a unique structure. Here's a brief overview:

*Location:* Upper right abdomen, below diaphragm

*Structure:*
1. *Lobes:* 4 lobes - right, left, caudate, quadrate
2. *Hepatocytes:* Main liver cells, arranged in plates
3. *Sinusoids:* Small blood vessels between hepatocyte plates
4. *Portal triad:* Hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct

*Functions:*
1. *Detoxification:* Removes toxins, waste
2. *Metabolism:* Processes nutrients, drugs
3. *Bile production:* Aids digestion

#viral #anatomy #fypシ #doctor #trending by @stethoscopeistic

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6 months ago

Arterial hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition where the force of blood against artery walls is too high. Here's a detailed overview:

*What happens:*
1. *Blood pressure*: The force of blood pushing against artery walls as the heart pumps
2. *Systolic pressure*: Top number, pressure when heart beats
3. *Diastolic pressure*: Bottom number, pressure between beats

*Types:*
1. *Primary (essential) hypertension*: No clear cause, develops over time
2. *Secondary hypertension*: Caused by underlying conditions (e.g., kidney disease)

*Risks:*
1. *Heart disease*: Increased risk of heart attack, stroke
2. *Kidney damage*: Damage to kidney blood vessels
3. *Vision problems*: Damage to eye blood vessels

*Symptoms:*
1. Often none, until complications arise
2. Possible symptoms: Headaches, dizziness, nosebleeds

*Management:*
1. *Lifestyle changes*:
- Healthy diet (low sodium, rich in fruits/veggies)
- Regular exercise
- Weight management
- Stress reduction
2. *Medications*:
- Diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta blockers

#cardiology #heart #health #fyp #explore by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

Abdominal Pain – Detailed Explanation
Abdominal pain is one of the most common clinical complaints. It can arise from organs within the abdomen (visceral pain), the abdominal wall (somatic pain), or even be referred from distant organs.
1. Types of Abdominal Pain
A. Based on Mechanism
1. Visceral Pain
Origin: Internal organs (stomach, intestines, liver, etc.)
Nature: Dull, crampy, poorly localized
Cause: Stretching, distension, inflammation
Example: Early pain in appendicitis
2. Somatic (Parietal) Pain
Origin: Peritoneum (lining of abdominal cavity)
Nature: Sharp, severe, well localized
Example: Later stage of appendicitis
3. Referred Pain
Felt at a distant site due to shared nerve pathways
Example: Gallbladder pain felt in right shoulder
B. Based on Duration
Acute Pain: Sudden onset (e.g., appendicitis, perforation)
Chronic Pain: Long-standing (>3 months) (e.g., ulcers, IBS)
2. Causes of Abdominal Pain
A. Gastrointestinal Causes
Appendicitis
Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Intestinal Obstruction
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
B. Hepatobiliary Causes
Cholelithiasis
Cholecystitis
Hepatitis
C. Pancreatic Causes
Pancreatitis
D. Genitourinary Causes
Renal Calculi
Urinary Tract Infection
E. Gynecological Causes (in females)
Ectopic Pregnancy
Ovarian cyst/torsion
F. Other Causes
Trauma
Muscle strain
Psychogenic causes (stress-related pain)
3. Location-Based Diagnosis (Very Important Clinically)
Region
Common Causes
Right Upper Quadrant
Gallbladder disease, hepatitis
Left Upper Quadrant
Splenic issues, gastritis
Right Lower Quadrant
Appendicitis
Left Lower Quadrant
Diverticulitis
Epigastric
Gastritis, pancreatitis
Periumbilical
Early appendicitis
Suprapubic
UTI, gynecological issues
4. Associated Symptoms
Nausea and vomiting
Fever
Diarrhea or constipation
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Jaundice (yellowing of eyes/skin)
5. Red Flag Signs (Emergency 🚨)
Severe sudden pain
Rigid abdomen (board-like)
Persistent vomiting
Blood in stool/vomit
High fever
Fainting or shock
👉 These may indicate conditions like:
Perforation
Internal bleeding
Severe infection
6. Diagnosis
A. Clinical Examination
Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation

#viral #fyp #pain #doctor #education by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

🫁 Anatomy of the Lungs
The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located in the thoracic (chest) cavity. They are the primary organs of respiration, responsible for gas exchange—oxygen in, carbon dioxide out.
📍 Location & Position
Situated in the thoracic cavity on either side of the mediastinum
Extend from:
Apex: just above the clavicle
Base: rests on the diaphragm
🔹 External Anatomy
1. Shape & Size
Cone-shaped organs
Right lung: larger and heavier
Left lung: smaller, due to space occupied by the heart
2. Lobes & Fissures
Right Lung
3 lobes:
Superior
Middle
Inferior
2 fissures:
Horizontal fissure
Oblique fissure
Left Lung
2 lobes:
Superior
Inferior
1 fissure:
Oblique fissure
Has a cardiac notch (space for the heart)
3. Surfaces
Costal surface: faces ribs
Mediastinal surface: faces heart and mediastinum
Diaphragmatic surface: rests on diaphragm
4. Borders
Anterior border
Posterior border
Inferior border
🔹 Internal Anatomy
1. Bronchial Tree
Airways branch repeatedly inside the lungs:
Trachea → Right & Left main bronchi
Main bronchi → Lobar bronchi
Lobar bronchi → Segmental bronchi
Segmental bronchi → Bronchioles
Bronchioles → Terminal bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles → Respiratory bronchioles → Alveolar ducts
2. Bronchopulmonary Segments
Functional units of the lung
Each supplied by a segmental bronchus and artery
Right lung: 10 segments
Left lung: 8–10 segments
3. Alveoli
Tiny air sacs (≈300 million in both lungs)
Site of gas exchange
Surrounded by capillaries
🔬 Gas exchange occurs by diffusion:
Oxygen → blood
Carbon dioxide → alveoli
🔹 Blood Supply
Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary arteries: carry deoxygenated blood from heart
Pulmonary veins: return oxygenated blood to heart
Bronchial Circulation
Supplies lung tissue itself
🔹 Nerve Supply
Derived from:
Vagus nerve (parasympathetic)
Sympathetic trunk
🔹 Lymphatic Drainage
Drains into:
Bronchopulmonary (hilar) nodes
Tracheobronchial nodes
🔹 Coverings (Pleura)
Visceral pleura: covers lungs
Parietal pleura: lines thoracic cavity
Pleural cavity contains fluid → reduces friction.

#fyp #anatomy #explorepage✨ #trending #fypppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppppp❣️🌻 by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

Common instruments used in ICU...

#engagementboost #doubletap #likeforlikes #commentbelow #sharethis

[ICU, emergency, management, protocol, instruments, doctor, medicine, treatment, health, care, benefits, treatment, diagnosis, prognosis] by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

The Prime 2016 ❌- 2026.✅

#virat #explore #fyp #trending #ipl
[Virat kohli, rcb, royal challengers Bangalore, cricket, ipl, prime, explore, rcbians, trending, instagram, reels, viral, FYP, foryou] by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

The lines by @jasminesandlas says it all

Jaiye Sajana...✨

Sandlas-Sartaaj just dropped the

"heartbreak anthem of the year"

@jasminesandlas

@adityadharfilms

@ranveersingh

#dhurandhar
#songs
#heartbreak
#ranveersingh
#explore

(Satinder Sartaj, Jasmine Sandlas, Ranveer Singh, Aditya Dhar, Akshay Khanna, Dhurandhar, Dhurandhar Revenge, Jaiye Sanjana lyrics, lyrics, Spotify, Songs, Music, Trending Song, Heartbreak song, trending, viral, explore, reels, fyp) less by @stethoscopeistic

9k

12

7 months ago

UPT - urine pregnancy test markers.

#pregnancy #upt #fyp #viral #trending by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

The human respiratory system is a complex network of organs and tissues that help us breathe. Here's a quick overview:

*Main parts:*
1. *Nose and mouth*: Air enters and exits
2. *Trachea (windpipe)*: Divides into bronchi
3. *Bronchi and bronchioles*: Airway branches in lungs
4. *Alveoli*: Tiny air sacs where gas exchange happens
5. *Lungs*: Main organs for gas exchange
6. *Diaphragm*: Muscle that helps expand lungs

*Process:*
1. Inhalation: Air in, oxygen absorbed into blood
2. Exhalation: Air out, CO2 removed

For more complete explanation and description,
Comment " Air ".

#fypシ #clinical #knowledge #viral #explorepage✨ by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

"Misuse today, no cure tomorrow.
Respect antibiotics before they stop respecting us.”

“From miracle drugs to failing shields…
Antibiotic resistance is rewriting medicine.”

#medicalmemes #fyp #memes #instagood #doctor by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago

"No weeze, Just pure Breeze"

From suffocation to serenity, one dose at a time💊.

#rain #nature #viral #fyp #trending by @stethoscopeistic

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7 months ago